How Do I Generate A Pgp Key In Linux
- How Do I Generate A Pgp Key In Linux Pdf
- How Do I Generate A Pgp Key In Linux Free
- How Do I Generate A Pgp Key In Linux Version
Generating a PGP Key. Here is a GUI way to generate a new PGP key. Open the Passwords and Keys (Seahorse) application. This screen will appear. Either go to File → New in the global menu or hit Ctrl + N. In the Create New. Window select PGP Key and hit Continue. Enter your full name and your email address, the comment is optional.
This tutorial series will teach you how to use GPG in Linux terminal. I will not tell you a bunch of theory to overwhelm you. Instead, I show you quick and dirty examples to get you started, and explain the basic theory along the way.
This is part 1 of this series. At the end of this post, you should be able to generate your own public/private keypair and a revocation certificate. This certificate is used to revoke your public/private keypair when your private key is compromised or you forget the passphrase for your private key.
GPG can be used for encryption and for signing. This software is pre-installed on most Linux distributions. Currently the stable version is GPG 2.0. I’m using the modern version GPG 2.2 on Arch Linux.
- Jun 30, 2018 Create Your Public/Private Key Pair and Revocation Certificate. Use gpg -full-gen-key command to generate your key pair. Gpg -full-gen-key. It asks you what kind of key you want. Notice there’re four options. The default is to create a RSA public/private key pair and also a RSA signing key. Let’s hit Enter to select the default.
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Check Your GPG Version
First Let’s check out the version of GPG on your system and some interesting tidbits. Run the following command.
As you can see, I’m using GPG 2.2.8, which is the latest version. We also know that the configuration directory is ~/.gnupg, which will hold our public/private key files. The default option file is ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf and ~/.gnupg/dirmngr.conf. It also tells us what algorithms are supported.
If you look closely, you can see that the insecure hash algorithm SHA1 is still supported in version 2.2.8 SHA1 is obsolete and you don’t want to use it to generate signature.
Create Your Public/Private Key Pair and Revocation Certificate
Use gpg --full-gen-key
command to generate your key pair.
It asks you what kind of key you want. Notice there’re four options. The default is to create a RSA public/private key pair and also a RSA signing key. Let’s hit Enter to select the default.
Next it asks you the key length. The default is 2048 bits long. 1024 RSA key is obsolete. The longer 4096 RSA key will not provide more security than 2048 RSA key. So hit Enter to select the default.
After that it asks you how long the key should be valid, 2 years is fine. You can always update the expiration time later on.
Now it asks you if it’s correct. Notice that the default is No. So press y
then Enter to confirm it’s correct.
And now we need to provide some user identification information for the key. This is important because this information will be included in our key. It’s one way of indicating who is owner of this key. The email address is a unique identifier for a person. You can leave Comment blank.
Select Okay.
Now it asks you to enter a passphrase to protect your private key. Enter a good and long passphrase and remember it. Because if you forget this passphrase, you won’t be able to unlock you private key.
Once you enter and confirm your passphrase. GPG will generate your keys.
It will take a while for GPG to generate your keys. So you can now do other stuff.
It took about 4 minutes on my system to generate my key pair.
This first line tells us that GPG created a unique identifier for public key. This unique identifier is in hex format. When someone wants to download you public key, they can refer to you public key via your email address or this hex value.
The third line tells us that GPG created a revocation certificate and its directory.Your should never share you private key with anyone.If you private key is compromised, you can use revocateion certificate to revoke your key. That means you tell the rest of the world that the old public key shall not be used any more.I suggest that you open this revocation certificate with your text editor to see what’s inside there.
Let’s look at the last three lines. They tell us the public key is 2048 bits using RSA algorithm. The public key ID 4F0BDACC matchs the last 8 bits of key fingerprint. The key fingerprint is a hash of your public key.
It also lists our user ID information: your name and your email address. And it also indicates the subkey which is 2048 bits using RSA algorithm and the unique identifier of the subkey.
Now you can find that there are two files created under ~/.gnupg/private-keys-v1.d/ directory. These two files are binary files with .key extension.
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Export Your Public Key
Others need your public key to send encrypted message to you and only your private key can decrypt it. Use the following command to export your public key. --armor
option means that the output is ASCII armored. The default is to create the binary OpenPGP format. user-id
is your email address.
The exported public key is written to pubkey.asc
file.
Export Your Private Key
Issue the following command to export your private key.
The exported key is written to privkey.asc
file.
Protect Your Private Key and Revocation Certificate
Your private key should be kept in a safe place, like an encrypted flash drive. Treat it like your house key. Only you can have it and don’t lose it. And you must remember your passphrase, otherwise you can’t unlock your private key.
You should also protect your revocation certificate. If others have your revocation certificate, they can immediately revoke your public/private keypair and generate a fake public/priavte keypair.
In part 2 we will look at how to encrypt message with your public key and how to decrypt it with your private key. Take care!
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Table of Contents
- 4Sending and receiving public keys
This tutorial explains how to set up Thunderbird to digitally sign, encrypt and decrypt messages in order to make them secure.
The email infrastructure that everyone uses is, by design, not secure. While most people connect to their email servers using a secure ('SSL') connection, some servers allow unsecured access. Furthermore, as the message moves through its transmission path from sender to recipient, the connections between each server are not necessarily secure. It is possible for third parties to intercept, read and alter email messages as they are transmitted.
When you digitally sign a message, you embed information in the message that validates your identity. When you encrypt a message, it appears to be 'scrambled' and can only by read by a person who has the key to decrypting the message. Digitally signing a message ensures that the message originated from the stated sender. Encrypting ensures that the message has not been read or altered during transmission.
To encrypt messages, you can use the public-key cryptographic system. In this system, each participant has two separate keys: a public encryption key and a private decryption key. When someone wants send you an encrypted message, he or she uses your public key to generate the encryption algorithm. When you receive the message, you must use your private key to decrypt it.
The protocol used to encrypt emails is called PGP (Pretty Good Privacy). To use PGP within Thunderbird, you must first install:
- GnuPG: (GNU Privacy Guard): a free software implementation of PGP
- Enigmail: a Thunderbird add-on
These two applications also provide the capability to digitally sign messages.
To install GnuPG, download appropriate package from the GnuPG binaries page. Follow the installation instructions provided for your particular package. For more information on installing PGP on specific operating systems, refer to:
To install Enigmail:
- In Thunderbird, select Tools > Add-ons.
- Use the search bar in the top right corner to search for Enigmail.
- Select Enigmail from the search results and follow the instructions to install the add-on.
How Do I Generate A Pgp Key In Linux Pdf
Create your public/private keys as follows:
- On the Thunderbird menu bar, click OpenPGP and select Setup Wizard.
- Select Yes, I would like the wizard to get me started as shown in the image below. Click to proceed.
- The wizard asks whether you want to sign all outgoing messages or whether you want to configure different rules for different recipients. It is usually a good idea to sign all emails so that people can confirm that the email is indeed from you. Message recipients do not need to use digital signatures or PGP to read a digitally signed message. Select Yes, I want to sign all of my email and click to proceed.
- Next, the wizard asks if you want to encrypt all your emails. You should not select this option unless you have the public keys for all the people that you expect to send messages to. Select No, I will create per-recipient rules for those who send me their public keys and click to proceed.
- The wizard asks if it can change some of your mail formatting settings to better work with PGP. It is a good choice to answer Yes here. Click to proceed.
- Select the email account for which you want to create the keys. You need to enter a password in the ‘Passphrase’ text box which is used to protect your private key. This password is used to decrypt messages, so don't forget it. The password should be at least 8 characters long and not use any dictionary words. (See this Wikipedia article for information on creating strong passwords.) Enter this password twice and click to proceed.
- The next screen displays the preferences you configured. If you are satisfied, click to proceed.
- When the process of creating your keys is completed, click to proceed.
- The wizard will ask if you want to create a ‘Revocation certificate’ which you would use if the security of your key pair was compromised and you needed to inform others that it is no longer valid. If you want to create the file click on and follow the steps on the subsequent screens. Otherwise, click .
- The wizard finally informs you that it has completed the process. Click to exit the wizard.
Sending your public key via email
To receive encrypted messages from other people, you must first send them your public key:
- Compose the message.
- Select OpenPGP from the Thunderbird menu bar and select Attach My Public Key.
- Send the email as usual.
Receiving a public key via email
To send encrypted messages to other people, you must receive and store their public key:
- Open the message that contains the public key.
- At the bottom of the window, double click on the attachment that ends in '.asc'. (This file contains the public key.)
- Thunderbird automatically recognizes that this is a PGP key. A dialog box appears, prompting you to ‘Import’ or ‘View’ the key. Click to import the key.
- You will see a confirmation that the key has been successfully imported. Click to complete the process.
- Compose the message as usual.
- To digitally sign a message, select OpenPGP from the Thunderbird menu and enable the Sign Message option. To encrypt a message, enable the Encrypt Message option. The system may ask you to enter your Passphrase before encrypting the message.
- If your email address is associated with a PGP key, the message will be encrypted with that key. If the email address is not associated with a PGP key, you will be prompted to select a key from a list.
- Send the message as usual.
How Do I Generate A Pgp Key In Linux Free
When you receive an encrypted message, Thunderbird will ask you to enter your secret passphrase to decrypt the message. To determine whether or not the incoming message has been signed or digitally encrypted you need to look at the information bar above the message body.
If Thunderbird recognizes the signature, a green bar (as shown below) appears above the message.
If the message has been encrypted and signed, the green bar also displays the text 'Decrypted message'.
If the message has been encrypted but not signed the bar would appear as shown below.
How Do I Generate A Pgp Key In Linux Version
If you believe that your private key has been 'compromised' (that is, someone else has had access to the file that contains your private key), you should revoke your current set of keys as soon as possible and create a new pair. To revoke your current set of keys:
- On the Thunderbird menu, click OpenPGP and select Key Management.
- A dialog box appears as shown below. Check Display All Keys by Default to show all the keys.
- Right-click on the key you want to revoke and select Revoke Key.
- A dialog box appears asking if you really want to revoke the key. Click to proceed.
- Another dialog box appears asking you to enter your secret passphrase. Enter the passphrase and click to revoke the key.
Send the revocation certificate to the people you correspond with so that they know that your current key is no longer valid. This ensures that if someone tries to use your current key to impersonate you, the recipients will know that the key pair is not valid.